ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND DEVELOPMENT VECTORS OF SUPPORT FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

Abstract. The article presents an analysis of the current state of the support system for children with autism spectrum disorders in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on the study of the latest sources and the practical experience of Kazakhstani specialists, trends in prevalence, diagnostic approaches, models of psychological and pedagogical support for children with ASD, as well as the patronymic experience of their inclusion in the general education environment are considered. A review of scientific research and practical initiatives, including the activities of government research organizations and the non-governmental sector in the Republic of Kazakhstan, substantiates the need to structure a support system for children with autism spectrum disorders based on effective methods of diagnosis, education and socialization. The importance of an integrated approach, which includes multi-level diagnostics, is emphasized.: screening methods; psychological and pedagogical examination and assessment of special educational needs; The international diagnostic tools of the "gold standard" ADOS-26 ADI-R are used. In practice, both behavioral (ABA therapy, UVA, PRT) and developmental approaches (DIR/Floortime, SON-RISE emotional-semantic approach), as well as mixed techniques (ESDM, JASPER, sensory integration, TEACCH, PECS) are widely used. Their effectiveness has been confirmed by both foreign and Kazakhstani studies. It is concluded that Kazakhstan demonstrates the progressive development of the support system for children with ASD, actively implementing international experience. It is noted that a holistic scientific and methodological field is gradually being formed in Kazakhstan, including issues of educational needs assessment, correctional and developmental work with children with autism, family work, and training of pedagogical and psychological personnel. Further improvement of support programs, structuring of a multi-level support system and evaluation of the effectiveness of applied methods in the national context are identified as promising areas.