THE GENESIS OF POSTGRADUATE PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION: THE EXPERIENCE OF KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

The article reveals the genesis of postgraduate pedagogical education in Kazakhstan. The authors analyzed the domestic history of the formation of the scientific pedagogical system from 1940 to the present. Significant figures in the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel are singled out, such as: T. Tazhibaev, R.G. Lemberg, K.B. Berzhanov, G.A. Umanov, N.D. Khmel, R.D. Irzhanova, I.M. Kuzmenko, B.R. Aitmambetova, B.I. Mukanova, A.A. Beisenbaeva, T.S. Sabirov, G.K. Baideldinova, N.D. Ivanova, E.I. Shnybekova and others. The data of the National Library of the Republic of Kazakhstan on 460 defended candidate and doctoral dissertations until 2010 in the direction of "Education" are presented. 4240 candidates and 1703 doctors of science represent personnel with the highest scientific qualifications in Kazakhstan. The analysis of the works showed the fundamental nature, comprehensiveness of the research, revealing the methodological features of the training of teachers. The turning point in the forge of scientific training of teachers was the transition to a three-stage structure of higher and postgraduate education: bachelor's, master's and doctoral studies and the introduction of the "Bolashak" international scholarship program. The authors reveal the stages of development of the "Bolashak" international scholarship and the criteria for selecting a scholarship holder for this program. Innovations in admission to doctoral studies and increased requirements for scientific consultants in the system of postgraduate education are presented. According to the statistics of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the reporting period, the number, graduation and age of PhD doctoral students were analyzed, in total 6,364 people. Also, an analysis of the scientific potential, the content of the professional curriculum of postgraduate education, the postdoctoral program was carried out on the example of the pedagogical areas of training of Abai KazNPU. Currently, Abai KazNPU has 17 educational programs, of which 8 are educational programs for the training of PhD doctors 8D01 Pedagogical sciences, including the following areas of training: 8D011 Pedagogy and psychology, 8D012 Pedagogy of preschool education and training, 8D013 Training of teachers without subject specialization, social pedagogy and self-knowledge, 8D019 Special Pedagogy. Content analysis showed a lack of research in the field of pedagogical dimension, early childhood education and training, and defectology. In 2019, a postdoctoral program was opened in three areas: social and humanitarian, psychological and pedagogical, and philological.